Jeffrey Miron and Russ Roberts tackle the question of whether or not the stimulus worked. Their answer? Not quite.
Miron:
Research finds more evidence for the efficacy of monetary as opposed to fiscal policy in ending recessions. And the studies on fiscal stimulus have shown more impact from tax cuts than from spending increases.
We also do not know whether the positive G.D.P. growth resulted partially or mainly from natural equilibrating mechanisms, rather than from monetary or fiscal policy. Much discussion of the recession presumes it will end only because government comes to the rescue.
In fact, the U.S. economy recovered from significant recessions before 1914, when monetary and fiscal policy had not even been invented. Economies can and do recover on their own, and intervention might make things worse by generating uncertainty and distorting the economy’s allocation of resources.
Roberts:
I once thought that spending money was the government’s strong suit. But as of October 20, only $120 billion of the $290 billion available so far from the stimulus package has been spent. Despite the early rhetorical emphasis on shovel-ready projects, the Department of Health and Human Services, the Department of Labor, and the Department of Education accounted for two-thirds of the total spent.
The Department of Transportation, a source of spending that is likely to be rich in shovels, has $30 billion available but has only managed to spend $4 billion. So perhaps it is not surprising that construction workers and manufacturing workers (who make up half of the job losses since the beginning of the recession) are struggling to find jobs.
I think the Keynesian narrative is right about one thing — consumers lack confidence. The crucial question is whether a large increase in government spending financed with borrowed money that swells the deficit to $1.4 trillion is good for confidence or bad for it. No one knows the answer.
The arguments against the stimulus are rooted in basic economics. Unfortunately, basic economics rarely make for an inspiring campaign speech.